NBC 105 • Unit 210 min readHigh Exam Frequency

Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles, Water Resources & Renewable Energy

Unit 2: Natural Resources & Biogeochemical CyclesEnvironment and Ecology

👨‍🏫 Professor's Mental Model: Nature's Infinite Recycling Loop

Earth par naya paani ya carbon kahin bahar se nahi aata. Jo paani dinosaurs ne piya tha, wahi water cycle se ghuma kar aaj hum pee rahe hain! Biogeochemical cycles nature ke infinite circular buffers hain!

The Nitrogen Cycle Phases

1. Nitrogen Fixation: Atmospheric N2 fixed into NH3 by Rhizobium / Azotobacter. 2. Nitrification: NH3 -> NO2- (Nitrosomonas) -> NO3- (Nitrobacter). 3. Assimilation: Plants absorb nitrates for proteins. 4. Ammonification & Denitrification: Pseudomonas converts nitrates back into atmospheric N2 gas.

Energy Resources: Conventional vs Renewable

Conventional: Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas, Nuclear (finite, carbon emitting). Renewable: Solar Photovoltaics, Wind Turbines, Hydroelectric, Biomass, Geothermal, Tidal energy.

🎯 University Exam Scoring Blueprint

  • Draw the complete Nitrogen cycle with bacteria names.
  • Explain Fluorosis (excess fluoride) and Arsenicosis (arsenic in drinking water).

Top Viva Questions on Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles, Water Resources & Renewable Energy

1 Questions
1

Which bacteria is responsible for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes?